Mao Zedong’s rule over China from 1949 to 1976 was a period of profound transformation, radical experimentation and political repression. His leadership fundamentally reshaped the country’s political, social and economic structures, leaving a legacy that continues to influence modern China.

For students studying world history, understanding Mao’s China is essential. His policies, from the Great Leap Forward to the Cultural Revolution, demonstrate how ideology can drive massive social change and the consequences of unchecked political power. This guide explores the origins, impacts and consequences of Mao’s rule, while providing analysis, evaluation and practical study insights for all students.